This excerpt features an insightful conversation with Andrew Ng, highlighting his view that AI is the new electricity, a general-purpose technology with vast potential across all sectors, not just within the realm of "tech's high priests." He emphasizes the immense opportunities in the application layer of AI, contrasting it with the more competitive hardware and infrastructure layers, while also cautioning against building "thin application layers" that lack long-term defensibility. Ng notes that the economics of large language models are fantastically cheap, making them highly accessible, and he discusses the shifting landscape of knowledge work, where highly-paid workers are now more exposed to automation, asserting that professionals who use AI will replace those who do not. Ultimately, Ng views AI as a force for making humanity more powerful, advocating for accelerated development while focusing on real, present risks like fairness, bias, and the concentration of power, rather than speculative existential threats.